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Flossing

Although tooth brushing effectively cleans most of the tooth surfaces, toothbrush bristles cannot adequately reach interdental areas or narrow spaces beneath the gingival margin. Regular use of dental floss and interdental brushes is therefore essential to remove microbial plaque and food debris from these areas.

These adjunctive oral hygiene aids significantly reduce the risk of gingivitis, bleeding, halitosis, and dental caries and should be considered integral component of daily oral care. Their use is generally recommended after tooth brushing.

Dental Floss Use

Dental floss is particularly effective for cleaning tight interdental spaces. Various types are available, including waxed, unwaxed, mint-flavored, fluoride-coated, or chlorhexidine-impregnated flosses, allowing selection based on individual comfort and dental anatomy.

Floss should be wrapped around the middle fingers of both hands and guided with the index fingers. It is gently inserted between the teeth, adapted to the tooth surface, and carefully moved beneath the gingival margin using vertical motions to remove plaque. Care should be taken to avoid injury or irritation to the gingival tissues. Individuals who experience difficulty using traditional floss may prefer floss holders (floss picks).

Regular and correct use of dental floss plays a crucial role in maintaining gingival health and is recommended at least once daily.

Interdental Brush Use

Interdental brushes are small cylindrical or conical cleaning devices designed for areas where interdental spaces are wider and floss may be less effective. They are particularly beneficial for:

·         individuals with interdental spacing,

·         patients with gingival recession,

·         implant- and bridge-supported restorations,

·         patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

The brush should be inserted gently without force and moved back and forth along the tooth surfaces to remove plaque. The appropriate brush size must be recommended by a dentist, as brushes that are too small may be ineffective, while oversized brushes may traumatize the gingiva. Daily use supports periodontal health and is generally recommended once per day.

Which Method Should Be Preferred?

Dental floss and interdental brushes are complementary tools rather than alternatives. The appropriate method depends on the width of the interdental spaces and the patient’s clinical condition:

·         Tight interdental contacts > dental floss

·         Open spaces, gingival recession, implant or prosthetic areas > interdental brushes

In some patients, combined use of both methods provides optimal plaque control.